Class XI - Complex Traits

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What is heritability?

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Heritability is the proportion of variation in a trait that can be attributed to genetic differences among individuals in a population.

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What phenomenon causes clustering of significant SNPs in a GWAS study?

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Linkage is the phenomenon that causes clustering of significant SNPs in a GWAS study.

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What does polygenic mean?

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Polygenic refers to traits that are influenced by multiple genes.

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What are gene by environment interactions?

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Gene by environment interactions occur when different genotypes respond differently to the same environmental conditions.

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What contributes to complex traits?

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Complex traits typically involve contributions from both genes and the environment.

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Define GWAS.

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GWAS stands for Genome-Wide Association Study, a method used to identify genetic variants associated with traits.

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What is the role of SNPs in genetics?

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SNPs, or single nucleotide polymorphisms, are variations at a single position in DNA among individuals and can influence traits.

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What is the difference between polygenic and monogenic traits?

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Polygenic traits are influenced by multiple genes, while monogenic traits are determined by a single gene.

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What is epistasis?

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Epistasis is the interaction between genes where the effect of one gene is modified by one or several other genes.

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What is the significance of copy number variation in genetics?

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Copy number variation refers to the presence of an abnormal number of copies of one or more sections of the DNA, which can affect gene expression and contribute to complex traits.