8th Grade Science Benchmark Review 24-25

Front

Which table below correctly lists the properties of metals and nonmetals?

Back

D

Answer explanation

Choice D accurately lists the properties of metals and nonmetals, highlighting key differences such as conductivity, malleability, and reactivity, making it the correct answer.

Front

The word “luster” refers to which property of matter?

Back

The way a surface appears when it reflects light

Answer explanation

The word 'luster' specifically describes how a surface looks when it reflects light, making it shiny or dull. This distinguishes it from other properties like conductivity or malleability.

Front

Which of the following is true about acids and bases?

Back

The lower the pH, the stronger the acid

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'The lower the pH, the stronger the acid' because pH measures acidity; lower pH values indicate higher acidity, meaning stronger acids. Higher pH values indicate weaker acids or stronger bases.

Front

Which of these pH values would be a strong acid? Options: 2, 6, 9, 13

Back

2

Answer explanation

A pH value of 2 indicates a strong acid, as it is significantly lower than 7, which is neutral. Values below 7 represent acidic solutions, with lower values indicating stronger acidity.

Front

Litmus paper can tell you if a solution is acidic, neutral or basic by changing color when placed in a solution. If you test a base with litmus paper, it will turn ____________.

Back

blue

Answer explanation

Litmus paper turns blue when it comes into contact with a basic solution. Therefore, if you test a base with litmus paper, it will turn blue, indicating the solution is basic.

Front

How do volcanic eruptions impact the climate in the short term?

Back

They cause short-term cooling by blocking sunlight with ash and gases.

Answer explanation

Volcanic eruptions release ash and gases into the atmosphere, which can block sunlight. This leads to short-term cooling of the Earth's surface, making the correct choice: 'They cause short-term cooling by blocking sunlight with ash and gases.'

Front

A[n] ___________ tide occurs when the sun, Earth, and the moon are in a straight line.

Back

spring

Answer explanation

A spring tide occurs when the sun, Earth, and moon align in a straight line, resulting in higher high tides and lower low tides. This alignment enhances the gravitational pull, making 'spring' the correct answer.

Front

What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

Back

spring tide

Answer explanation

The arrangement of the Earth, Moon, and Sun during spring tides occurs when they are aligned, resulting in the highest high tides and lowest low tides. This alignment happens during new and full moons, making 'spring tide' the correct choice.

Front

A[n] ______________ tide occurs when the sun is at right angles to the line between Earth and the moon.

Back

neap

Answer explanation

A neap tide occurs when the sun is at right angles to the Earth-moon line, resulting in lower high tides and higher low tides. This contrasts with spring tides, which occur when the sun and moon are aligned.

Front

________ mixture is a mixture that is made up of two or more substances that are not uniformed throughout.

Back

heterogeneous

Answer explanation

A heterogeneous mixture consists of two or more substances that are not uniformly distributed, meaning you can see the different components. In contrast, homogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout, making 'heterogeneous' the correct choice.