H7 Vocabulary Terms

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New South

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Period after Reconstruction where political and community leaders in the South sought to diversify Georgia’s economy and bring Northern technology and/or investments into the state.

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Atlanta Compromise Speech (1895)

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Speech made by Booker T. Washington at the International Cotton Exposition calling for blacks to become proficient in agriculture, mechanics, and commerce, and for whites to trust blacks and provide opportunities for economic success.

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Bourbon Triumvirate

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Three powerful Georgia politicians (Joseph E. Brown, Alfred H. Colquitt, and John B. Gordon) who dominated Georgia politics for over 20 years.

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Joseph E. Brown (1821-1894)

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Attorney and politician, served as the 42nd Governor of Georgia (1857-1865), the only governor to serve four terms; Georgia’s Civil War governor.

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Alfred Colquitt (1824-1894)

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Lawyer, preacher, soldier, 49th Governor of Georgia (1877-1882) and two-term U.S. Senator from Georgia (1883-1894), served as an officer in the Confederate army, reaching the rank of major general.

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John B. Gordon (1832-1904)

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Prominent Confederate major general; member of the U.S. Senate (1872-1880 and 1891-1897); Governor of Georgia (1886); possible leader of the Ku Klux Klan in Georgia.

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Henry Grady (1850-1889)

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Managing editor for the Atlanta Journal who promoted the concept of the “New South.”

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International Cotton Expositions

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Series of three large events (1881, 1885, 1895) established to display Atlanta’s growth and industrial capabilities and to lure Northern investment to the region.

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Populist Party

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Short-lived political party (1892-1908) made up of farmers hostile to banks, railroads, and social elites. Initially included both whites and blacks. Georgian Tom Watson was a leader and presidential candidate.

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Rural Free Delivery Act

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Legislation proposed by Georgia Congressman Tom Watson that provided free mail delivery to rural areas of the country.