Cell Biology Flashcards

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Golgi Apparatus

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An organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport within or outside the cell. (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Mitochondria

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Known as the 'powerhouse of the cell,' it generates energy through cellular respiration. (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Lysosome

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Vesicles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste and cellular debris. (Typically found in animal cells; rare in plant cells)

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Cell

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The basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms.

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Cell Membrane

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A protective layer that surrounds the cell, controlling what enters and exits. (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Cell Wall

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A rigid outer layer found only in plant cells, providing support and protection. (Found in plant cells only)

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Cytoplasm

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The semi-fluid substance within the cell that holds organelles and is the site of many cellular processes. (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Nucleus

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The control center of the cell that houses the genetic material (DNA). (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Nucleolus

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A structure within the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes. (Found in both plant and animal cells)

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Ribosome

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The organelle where proteins are synthesized, found in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. (Found in both plant and animal cells)