What is translation in the context of molecular biology?
Translation

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Science
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9th - 12th Grade
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Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of mRNA in translation?
Back
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the function of ribosomes during translation?
Back
Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs; they read the mRNA sequence and facilitate the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is tRNA and what is its role in translation?
Back
tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA that transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are codons?
Back
Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are anticodons?
Back
Anticodons are sequences of three nucleotides in tRNA that are complementary to the codons in mRNA, allowing for the correct amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a polypeptide chain?
Back
A polypeptide chain is a series of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, which folds into a functional protein.
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