Standard 4 Assessment: States of Matter

Front

Why does the temperature remain constant as ice melts?

Back

The energy is being used to change the state of the ice to water.

Answer explanation

The temperature remains constant as ice melts because the energy supplied is used to change the state of the ice to water, rather than increasing the temperature. This process is known as latent heat.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

What happens to the particles in the ice as it absorbs thermal energy?

Back

They move faster and spread apart.

Answer explanation

As Maya heats the ice, the thermal energy causes the particles to move faster and spread apart, transitioning from solid to liquid. This is why the correct answer is that they move faster and spread apart.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

Noah is observing a steaming cup of coffee on a chilly morning. If he removes thermal energy from the steam rising above the cup, what is the most likely change in state?

Back

It will become a liquid.

Answer explanation

When thermal energy is removed from the steam, it cools down and condenses into liquid water. This process is called condensation, where gas transforms into a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

Which observation indicates a change from liquid to gas?

Back

Bubbles form throughout the water.

Answer explanation

Bubbles forming throughout the water indicate that it is boiling, which is a phase change from liquid to gas. The other options do not represent this change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

Compare and contrast boiling and evaporation based on Nora's observations.

Back

Boiling occurs at a specific temperature and throughout the liquid, while evaporation occurs at any temperature and only at the surface.

Answer explanation

Boiling occurs at a specific temperature (the boiling point) and happens throughout the liquid, while evaporation can occur at any temperature and only at the surface of the liquid, as seen in Nora's observations.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

When Trinity places a cup of water in the freezer, she is ____.

Back

removing thermal energy

Answer explanation

When Trinity places a cup of water in the freezer, she is removing thermal energy. The freezing process involves lowering the temperature, which decreases the thermal energy of the water, causing it to solidify.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

State of matter with a definite shape and definite volume.

Back

solid

Answer explanation

A solid is a state of matter that has a definite shape and definite volume, unlike liquids and gases which can change shape and volume. Therefore, the correct answer is solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

State of matter with a definite volume, but no definite shape.

Back

liquid

Answer explanation

A liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container, unlike solids which have a definite shape and volume, and gases which have neither. Therefore, the correct answer is liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

State of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume.

Back

gas

Answer explanation

A gas has no definite shape or volume, expanding to fill its container. In contrast, solids have a definite shape and volume, while liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

Particles are closely spaced.

Back

solid

Answer explanation

Particles in a solid are closely spaced, giving them a definite shape and volume. In contrast, liquids have more space between particles, and gases have even more, allowing them to spread out. Therefore, the correct answer is solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4