AP Psychology Language Development Terms

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Phonemes

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The smallest units of sound in a language.

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Morphemes

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The smallest units of sound that has meaning in a language.

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Semantics

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The study of meaning in language.

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Grammar

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The set of rules that dictate how words are used to form sentences in a language.

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Syntax

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The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

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Cooing

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Early stage of language development where infants produce soft vowel sounds.

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Babbling

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Stage in child development where infants produce repetitive consonant-vowel combinations.

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One-word stage

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Stage in language development where children speak in single words.

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Telegraphic speech

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Early speech stage where a child speaks like a telegram, using mostly nouns and verbs.

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Overgeneralization of language rules

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When children apply language rules too broadly, leading to errors.