Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the set of genes carried by an organism, represented by letters (e.g., TT, Tt, tt).

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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Dominant alleles express their trait even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

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What is the probability of inheriting a dominant trait from a heterozygous parent?

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There is a 50% probability of inheriting a dominant trait from a heterozygous parent.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What does homozygous dominant mean?

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Homozygous dominant means having two dominant alleles for a trait (e.g., BB).

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What does homozygous recessive mean?

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Homozygous recessive means having two recessive alleles for a trait (e.g., bb).