Chemistry Concepts Flashcards

Front

Differentiate between the plum pudding model and the nuclear model.

Back

The plum pudding model depicts the atom as a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded in it, while the nuclear model describes the atom with a dense central nucleus surrounded by electrons.

Front

Differentiate between the Bohr model and the electron cloud model.

Back

The Bohr model represents electrons orbiting the nucleus in fixed paths, whereas the electron cloud model describes electrons in probabilistic regions around the nucleus.

Front

Describe the pattern/shared characteristics that elements in the same group share.

Back

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

Differentiate between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Back

Metals are typically shiny, conductive, and malleable. Nonmetals are usually dull, non-conductive, and brittle. Metalloids have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

Front

Distinguish between a nuclear reaction and a chemical reaction.

Back

A nuclear reaction involves changes in an atom's nucleus, often producing a different element, while a chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of electrons and does not change the elements involved.

Front

Describe 3 ways that nuclear chemistry can be used in the real world.

Back

Nuclear chemistry is used in medicine for cancer treatment, in energy production through nuclear reactors, and in archaeological dating using radioactive isotopes.

Front

Atom

Back

The basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

Front

Proton

Back

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Front

Neutron

Back

A neutrally charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Front

Electron

Back

A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.