Heredity

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or trait.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (homozygous).

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What is a Punnett Square?

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A Punnett Square is a chart used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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How many boxes are in a Punnett Square for a dihybrid cross?

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16 boxes.

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What is a homozygous genotype?

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A homozygous genotype has two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., AA or aa).

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What is a heterozygous genotype?

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A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Aa).

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What does it mean for a trait to be codominant?

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Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygous genotype are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

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What is a pedigree chart?

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A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism from one generation to the next.