Genetics Flashcards

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Trait

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 Characteristics of an organism, both physical and behavioral.

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Gregor Mendel

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1. Known as the "Father of Genetics" for discovering the basic principles of inheritance through plant experiments.

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Allele

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1. Different versions of a gene that determine specific traits.

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Genotype

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• The genetic makeup of an organism (e.g., AA, Aa).

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Phenotype

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• Observable traits of an organism (e.g., blue eyes).

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Punnett Square

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1. A tool used to predict genetic outcomes and probabilities of offspring traits.

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Dominant Allele

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1. An allele that masks the effect of a recessive allele in a heterozygous pairing.

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Heterozygous

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A genotype where both alleles are different

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Homozygous

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A genotype where both alleles are the same

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Why is genetic variation important?

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1. Important for species survival as it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes.