Flashcards Ch 16 Notes Part II - DNA Replication

Front

Simple description of DNA replication.

Back

DNA replication involves the separation of the parental DNA strands and the synthesis of new complementary strands. During DNA replication, new bases are added to the old strands to form new DNA molecules.

Front

When in the cell cycle does DNA replication happen? Be specific.

Back

DNA replication during the S phase of Interphase.

Front

Watson and Crick's proposal on DNA replication (4 things)

Back

1) The 2 DNA strands separate.
2) Each strand is a template for assembling a complementary strand.
3) Nucleotides line up singly along the template strand (A-T, G-C).
4) Enzymes link the nucleotides together at their sugar-phosphate groups.

Front

Name of Watson and Crick's proposed model for replication of DNA

Back

semiconservative model

Front

Semiconservative model explanation

Back

Each of the two daughter molecules will have one old or conserved strand from the parent molecule and one newly created strand.

Front

DNA replication begins at special sites called origins of replication.

Back

These are specific sequences where the replication process starts.

Front

What happens when helicases bind at the origins of replication?

Back

DNA double helix opens at the origin, creating a replication bubble. Replication forks spread in both directions from the central initiation site.

Front

Eukaryotic chromosomes have _______ origins of replication.

Back

MULTIPLE

Hundreds to thousands of replication origins form, eventually fusing to create two continuous DNA molecules.

Front

Prokaryotes have ________ origin of replication.

Back

ONE

Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotic DNA replication starts from a single origin.

Front

What two proteins are involved in opening up the parent strands for replication?

Back

Helicases and single-strand binding proteins (SSB).