Genetics and Heredity

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Genotype

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an organism's complete set of genetic material, or the alleles, or variants, of a specific gene or genetic location.

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Phenotype

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The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

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Dominant Trait

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A trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it.

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Recessive Trait

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A trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring.

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Punnett Square

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A diagram that is used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross.

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Probability

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The likelihood of a particular genetic outcome.

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms.

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Inheritance

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The process by which genetic information is passed on from parent to offspring.

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Hereditary

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The passing of traits from parents to offspring.

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Alleles

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Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific location on a chromosome.