U8 Exam Civil Rights Review 2025

Front

13th Amendment

Back

Abolished Slavery in all the United States and all territories.

Front

14th Amendment

Back

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. including former slaves are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws. Guaranteed citizens Due Process at both the state and national level.

Front

15th Amendment

Back

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (eliminated literacy tests) allowed African Americans to use the 15th Amendment.

Front

19th Amendment (1920)

Back

Gave women the right to vote.

Front

KKK

Back

A group that tried to prevent racial minorities from gaining political equality and the ability to participate in elections.

Front

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back

A 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal (separate but equal).

Front

NAACP

Back

National Association for the Advancement of Colored Persons; Founded by W.E.B. DuBois. Successfully argued against school segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. The ruling in Brown v. Topeka Board of Education overruled Plessy v. Ferguson.

Front

Desegregate the military

Back

An Executive order issued by President Truman in 1948 that stated that in the armed forces, everyone was to be treated equally in treatment and in opportunity no matter the race, religion, or nationality of the person.

Front

Jackie Robinson

Back

Player in the Negro Leagues who rose to national fame by helping bring an end to racial segregation in Major League Baseball.

Front

Sweatt v. Painter

Back

In Texas, state law schools had to admit black students, even if separate law schools for blacks existed. It set a precedent for Brown v. Board.