Computer Organization and Architecture

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What is Computer Architecture?

Back

Computer Architecture is a functional description of requirements and design implementation for the various parts of a computer. It deals with the functional behavior of computer systems.

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What is Computer Organization?

Back

Computer Organization defines the way a computer system is structured so that all the catalogued tools can be used. It deals with how operational attributes are linked together.

Front

What are the main components of a computer system?

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The main components of a computer system are: 1. Input unit 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) 3. Memory unit 4. Arithmetic & Logical Unit (ALU) 5. Control unit 6. Output unit.

Front

What is the role of the Control Unit in a CPU?

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The Control Unit coordinates the operation of the processor, telling the memory, ALU, and input/output devices how to respond to a program's instructions.

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What is the difference between primary memory and secondary memory?

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Primary memory is the fastest memory that operates at electronic speeds and is volatile, meaning data is lost when the computer is shut down. Secondary memory is non-volatile and used for long-term storage.

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What is the function of the Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU)?

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The ALU performs all arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) of a computer.

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What is cache memory?

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Cache memory is a type of fast memory used to store frequently accessed data to speed up data retrieval.

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What is the purpose of the Program Counter (PC)?

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The Program Counter keeps track of which instruction is being executed and what the next instruction will be.

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What is the significance of the Von Neumann architecture?

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The Von Neumann architecture is based on the stored-program concept, where both instruction data and program data are stored in the same memory.

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What are Flynn's classifications of computers?

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Flynn's classification divides computers into four groups: 1. Single instruction stream, single data stream (SISD) 2. Single instruction stream, multiple data stream (SIMD) 3. Multiple instruction stream, single data stream (MISD) 4. Multiple instruction stream, multiple data stream (MIMD).