Nerve Cells Review

Front

Neuroglial cells that form the fatty myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS are ___________ in the PNS are ________________?

Back

Oligodendroglia in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS.

Front

What is myelin?

Back

Myelin is an insulating material found in Schwann cells that surrounds axons to increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Front

What is the primary function of axons?

Back

Axons take information away from the neuron to other neurons or muscles.

Front

What type of neuron is characterized by two processes extending from the cell body?

Back

Bipolar Neuron.

Front

In which direction does an impulse typically run in a neuron?

Back

An impulse runs from the dendrites, through the cell body, and down the axon.

Front

What are the two main types of glial cells in the nervous system?

Back

Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.

Front

What is the role of Schwann cells?

Back

Schwann cells form the myelin sheath around peripheral nerves.

Front

What is the significance of the myelin sheath?

Back

The myelin sheath insulates axons and increases the speed of electrical impulses.

Front

What are dendrites responsible for?

Back

Dendrites receive information from other neurons.

Front

What is the function of the cell body in a neuron?

Back

The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and integrates incoming signals.