DNA Replication

Flashcard
•
Biology
•
9th Grade
•
Hard
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is DNA replication?
Back
The process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, resulting in two identical DNA strands.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of the enzyme DNA ligase?
Back
DNA ligase is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does it mean for DNA strands to be anti-parallel?
Back
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions; one strand runs 5' to 3' and the other runs 3' to 5'.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?
Back
A DNA nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?
Back
The 5' end has a phosphate group, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group; this orientation is crucial for DNA replication and enzyme activity.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?
Back
Helicase unwinds the double helix of DNA, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?
Back
The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) away from the fork.
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