Bio Midterm Flashcard Review

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Back

To provide energy and structural support in cells.

Front

What are lipids and their main functions?

Back

Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that store energy, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules.

Front

What is the role of proteins in biological systems?

Back

Proteins serve as enzymes, structural components, transporters, and play roles in immune response.

Front

What are nucleic acids and their significance?

Back

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Front

What is the significance of carbon in organic compounds?

Back

Carbon is the backbone of all organic molecules, forming the basis for life.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the structure of a lipid?

Back

Lipids typically consist of long hydrocarbon chains or rings, making them hydrophobic.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA stores genetic information, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis and gene expression.