Flashcard - Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

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What is a prokaryote?

Back

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria and archaea.

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What is a eukaryote?

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A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

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What is the function of a lysosome?

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Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

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What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

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The Golgi apparatus is responsible for receiving, processing, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell.

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What is the powerhouse of the cell?

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The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

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What is DNA?

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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life and is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

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What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

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The main difference is that prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.

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What is a ribosome?

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Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.

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What is the function of the nucleus?

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The nucleus is the organelle that houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities.

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What is a cell wall?

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A cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection to certain types of cells, such as plant cells and bacteria.