Unit 4 Test Review- Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

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What is Photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

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What are Autotrophs?

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Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, such as plants and some bacteria.

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What are Heterotrophs?

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Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume other organisms for energy, such as animals and fungi.

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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

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Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, which is essential for the process of photosynthesis.

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What is the equation for photosynthesis?

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The equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

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What is Cellular Respiration?

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Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

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What is Glycolysis?

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Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP.

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What is the Kreb's Cycle?

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The Kreb's Cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions in the mitochondria that further breaks down pyruvate to produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2.

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What is the Electron Transport Chain (ETC)?

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The Electron Transport Chain is the final step of cellular respiration that occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where electrons are transferred through proteins to produce a large amount of ATP.

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How do plants help reduce carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?

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Plants help reduce carbon dioxide levels by absorbing CO2 during photosynthesis, converting it into glucose and releasing oxygen.