Period 5: cell transport

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is the concentration gradient?

Back

The concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas, which drives the movement of molecules during transport.

Front

What happens during facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses protein channels to help move molecules across the cell membrane without energy.

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

Back

An isotonic solution is a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as another solution, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing water to move out of cells, leading to cell shrinkage.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing water to move into cells, leading to cell swelling.

Front

Explain the role of ATP in active transport.

Back

ATP provides the energy required for active transport to move molecules against their concentration gradient.