From DNA to Protein

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the core of ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Back

Uracil is present in RNA, while thymine is found in DNA.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the start codon and its significance?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

Front

What are the three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The three types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

How do tRNA molecules function in translation?

Back

tRNA molecules transport specific amino acids to the ribosome, matching their anticodon with the mRNA codon.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What happens during the elongation phase of translation?

Back

During elongation, amino acids are added one by one to the growing polypeptide chain.