8 A Thermal Energy

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in a substance, related to its temperature.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids (liquids and gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

In which states of matter does convection occur?

Back

Convection occurs in liquids and gases.

Front

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles when a substance is heated?

Back

The kinetic energy of particles increases when a substance is heated.

Front

What is the boiling point of water?

Back

The boiling point of water is 100°C.

Front

What occurs when water boils?

Back

When water boils, it undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas (steam).

Front

How do the particle arrangements differ between water and steam at 100°C?

Back

In steam, the particles have more space between them compared to water, but they move at the same speed.

Front

What tool is used to measure temperature in an experiment?

Back

A thermometer is used to measure temperature.

Front

What happens to the potential energy of water as it freezes?

Back

The potential energy decreases as water freezes due to the tighter arrangement of particles.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?

Back

As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of particles also increases.