Scientific Method

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What is the scientific method?

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The scientific method is a systematic process used by scientists to investigate phenomena, acquire new knowledge, or correct and integrate previous knowledge. It typically involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

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What is an independent variable?

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An independent variable is the factor that is intentionally changed or manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is a dependent variable?

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A dependent variable is the factor that may change in response to the independent variable. It is what is measured in the experiment.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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What are controlled variables?

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Controlled variables are the factors that are kept constant throughout an experiment to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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How many steps are in the scientific method?

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There are typically 6 steps in the scientific method: 1) Ask a question, 2) Do background research, 3) Construct a hypothesis, 4) Test your hypothesis by doing experiments, 5) Analyze your data and draw a conclusion, 6) Communicate your results.

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What is a hypothesis?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables. It is often formulated as an if-then statement.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

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What is the purpose of conducting experiments?

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The purpose of conducting experiments is to test hypotheses and determine whether the predictions made are supported by the data collected.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

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What is data analysis in the scientific method?

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Data analysis involves examining and interpreting the data collected during an experiment to determine whether it supports or refutes the hypothesis.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

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What does it mean to communicate results?

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Communicating results means sharing the findings of an experiment with others, often through reports, presentations, or publications, to contribute to the scientific community.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is an observation in the scientific method?

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An observation is the act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way, which often leads to questions that can be investigated.