Intro To Genetics

Front

What is the definition of genotype?

Back

The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, consisting of the alleles inherited from its parents.

Front

What is the definition of phenotype?

Back

The phenotype is the observable expression of a trait in an organism, influenced by its genotype and environment.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

What is the dominant allele in genetics?

Back

A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present (e.g., E in Ee).

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is one that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (e.g., ee).

Front

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Back

The genotype determines the phenotype, but the phenotype can also be influenced by environmental factors.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

Front

What is the purpose of a test cross?

Back

A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an organism with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive organism.