Flashcard - Chapter 11 Sections 1 & 2 - AP Bio - 19 Nov 24

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Phosphate group

Back

A molecular group consisting of a central phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms.

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Okazaki fragments

Back

The DNA fragments that are synthesized in short stretches on the lagging strand.

Front

Mismatch repair

Back

A mechanism for repairing DNA that replaces nucleotides paired with a non-complementary base.

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Nitrogenous base

Back

A nitrogen-containing molecule that acts as a base; often referring to one of the purine or pyrimidine components of nucleic acids.

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Euchromatin

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A lightly packed form of chromatin that is enriched in genes and is often under active transcription.

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Chromosome ends protection

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Cells have mechanisms for repairing DNA, including mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair.

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Nucleotide excision repair

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A DNA repair mechanism that removes damaged bases, such as thymine dimers.

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Transcription

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The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

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Purine

Back

A type of nitrogenous base that includes adenine and guanine.

Front

Pyrimidine

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A type of nitrogenous base that includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil.