What is a hydrate?
Unit 1

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Chemistry
•
12th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules within its structure, typically represented as a formula like Na2SO4·xH2O, where x indicates the number of water molecules.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How do you calculate the value of x in a hydrate?
Back
To find x, subtract the mass of the anhydrous compound from the mass of the hydrate to find the mass of water lost, then divide by the molar mass of water and the molar mass of the anhydrous compound.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the significance of valence electrons in ionic bonding?
Back
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are crucial in forming bonds. Elements with the same number of valence electrons can form ionic compounds in a one-to-one ratio.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the photoelectron spectrum?
Back
The photoelectron spectrum is a graphical representation of the energies of electrons emitted from an atom when it is ionized by photons, providing information about the electronic structure of the element.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does electronic configuration tell us about an element?
Back
Electronic configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals, which helps predict how the element will react chemically and what compounds it can form.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is an isotope?
Back
Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How do you determine the formula of a compound formed between two elements?
Back
The formula is determined by the charges of the ions formed by the elements. The total positive charge must balance the total negative charge.
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