Genetics and DNA

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present at a given locus.

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What does homozygous dominant mean?

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Homozygous dominant refers to having two identical dominant alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA).

Front

What is the slope in a linear equation?

Back

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What is the y-intercept in a linear equation?

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What is DNA replication?

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DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

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What is transcription in genetics?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

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What is translation in genetics?

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Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation occurs when one base pair in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially altering the protein produced.

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What is an insertion mutation?

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An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are added into the DNA sequence, which can disrupt the reading frame.