AP Bio Unit 3 Flashcard

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy.

Front

What does anaerobic mean?

Back

Without oxygen.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

They denature, meaning they lose their functional shape and activity.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP provides the energy needed for various biochemical reactions in cells.

Front

What is ADP and how is it related to ATP?

Back

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is the product formed when ATP loses a phosphate group; it can be converted back to ATP.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The specific region on an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What is the effect of cyanide on cellular respiration?

Back

Cyanide inhibits ATP production in mitochondria, leading to a decrease in chemical reactions that require ATP.

Front

What are substrates in the context of enzyme activity?

Back

Substrates are the reactants that enzymes act upon to facilitate a chemical reaction.

Front

What is denaturation in proteins?

Back

Denaturation is the process where proteins lose their native structure due to external stress, such as heat or pH changes.

Front

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzymes have an optimal temperature range; outside this range, activity decreases, and extreme heat can cause denaturation.