Biology Fall exam 2024

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, essential for growth and repair.

Front

Why is it important for mitosis to be error-free?

Back

If mitosis is not error-free, it can lead to the formation of cancer cells.

Front

How many genes are estimated to be in the human genome?

Back

The human genome is estimated to contain 20,000–25,000 genes.

Front

What is the role of the cell cycle in response to lost skin cells?

Back

The cell cycle promotes repair to replace lost skin cells.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by the deletion or insertion of nucleotides that alters the reading frame of the gene.

Front

What is the primary site of protein synthesis in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the primary site of protein synthesis.

Front

Define cancer cells.

Back

Cancer cells are abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and can invade other tissues.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

The four bases of DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.