Final Exam Review

Front

What is a dependent variable in an experiment?

Back

The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by changes in the independent variable.

Front

In a food web, how much energy is typically passed to the tertiary consumer from the first trophic level?

Back

Typically, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is passed to the next. Therefore, if there are 600,000 kilocalories at the first level, the tertiary consumer would receive approximately 600 kilocalories.

Front

Define sustainability.

Back

Sustainability is the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Front

What type of dispersion is described when organisms are evenly spaced in an area?

Back

Uniform dispersion.

Front

Which historical era is known for significant pollution due to fossil fuel usage?

Back

The Industrial Revolution.

Front

What is an independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or manipulated by the scientist to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Front

What is the significance of controlling variables in an experiment?

Back

Controlling variables ensures that the experiment is fair and that the results are due to the independent variable alone.

Front

What is a trophic level?

Back

A trophic level is a position in a food chain or food web that indicates the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another.

Front

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

Back

The primary source of energy for most ecosystems is sunlight.

Front

What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

Back

Producers, such as plants, convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.