Phylogeny Review

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What is phylogeny?

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Phylogeny is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms.

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What is a common ancestor?

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A common ancestor is an ancestral species from which two or more different species have evolved.

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What does a cladogram represent?

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A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.

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What is the significance of DNA sequences in phylogeny?

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DNA sequences help determine the genetic similarity between organisms, indicating how closely related they are.

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What are the three domains of life?

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The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

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What is the difference between Eukarya and Prokaryotes?

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Eukarya are organisms with a true nucleus in their cells, while Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) do not have a nucleus.

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What is a kingdom in biological classification?

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A kingdom is a high-level taxonomic category that groups together related phyla.

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What is the role of proteins in determining evolutionary relationships?

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Proteins can provide evidence of evolutionary relationships, as closely related organisms often share similar proteins.

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How can you identify the closest relative on a cladogram?

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The closest relative is identified by the shortest branch length connecting the organisms on the cladogram.

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What is the importance of evolutionary trees?

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Evolutionary trees illustrate the evolutionary pathways and relationships among different species.