Earth Science Final Exam

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Epoch

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A segment of geologic time that is longer than an age, but shorter than a period.

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Mid-ocean ridge

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An elevated region with a central valley on an ocean floor at the boundary between two diverging tectonic plates where new crust forms from upwelling magma.

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Lithosphere

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The top part of the mantle along with the crust.

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Main Sequence

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The classification in which a star spends most of its life.

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Volcano

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A mountain or hill having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas can erupt.

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Tectonic Plates

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Massive slabs of Earth's lithosphere that move and interact at their boundaries, causing geological activity.

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Seafloor Spreading

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The process by which new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and older crust is pushed away.

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Plate Boundaries

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The edges where two tectonic plates meet, which can be divergent, convergent, or transform.

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Earthquake

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A sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

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Weathering

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The process of breaking down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces by natural forces.