T.U.Y.M.Q-"Mutations"

Front

What part of the DNA molecule determines an organism's traits?

Back

Complementary base pairing is the mechanism by which the sequence of bases in DNA determines the traits of an organism.

Front

What type of mutation is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What does the mRNA codon ACU code for?

Back

The mRNA codon ACU codes for the amino acid Threonine (Thr).

Front

What types of mutations can cause a frameshift?

Back

Frameshift mutations can be caused by insertions and deletions of nucleotides in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome, where it is used to synthesize proteins.

Front

Define point mutation.

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A missense mutation is a type of point mutation where a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A nonsense mutation is a point mutation that creates a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to a truncated protein.

Front

What is the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA?

Back

The sugar-phosphate backbone is the structural framework of DNA, consisting of alternating sugar and phosphate groups.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome, matching them to the corresponding mRNA codons.