Neuron Anatomy Review

Front

What is the myelin sheath?

Back

The myelin sheath is an insulating layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron, enabling electrical signals to travel faster.

Front

What are Schwann cells?

Back

Schwann cells are a type of glial cell that create the myelin sheath around the axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Front

What are neuroglia?

Back

Neuroglia are supporting cells in nervous tissue that provide support, nourishment, and protection for neurons.

Front

What is the function of dendrites?

Back

Dendrites are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in a neuron?

Back

The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and is responsible for regulating cellular activities, including growth and metabolism.

Front

What is an axon?

Back

An axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.

Front

What is a synapse?

Back

A synapse is the junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals.

Front

What are neurotransmitters?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

Front

What is the function of the cell body in a neuron?

Back

The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and it integrates incoming signals from dendrites.

Front

What is the difference between white matter and gray matter?

Back

White matter consists of myelinated axons, while gray matter contains neuronal cell bodies and unmyelinated axons.