Cells and Osmosis

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What is a plant cell?

Back

A plant cell is a type of eukaryotic cell that is characterized by the presence of a cell wall, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and a large central vacuole.

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What are mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell, where cellular respiration occurs, producing ATP (energy) from glucose and oxygen.

Front

What are chloroplasts?

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Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

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What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

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An isotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

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What is a hypertonic solution?

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A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.

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What is a hypotonic solution?

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A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell, which may lead to cell swelling or bursting.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus?

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The nucleus is the organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression.

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What is endosymbiosis?

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Endosymbiosis is a theory that explains how certain organelles, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is the role of the cell membrane?

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The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.