Advanced Anat/Phys Unit 6

Front

What are exons?

Back

Exons are the coding regions of a gene that contain the information needed to produce proteins. They are the parts of the gene that are expressed.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. It has anticodons that pair with codons on mRNA.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus is the organelle that contains the majority of the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides on mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is a chromosome?

Back

A chromosome is a structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information. It consists of two sister chromatids joined at a centromere.

Front

What is the difference between exons and introns?

Back

Exons are coding sequences that are expressed in proteins, while introns are non-coding sequences that are removed during RNA processing.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the structure of a ribosome?

Back

A ribosome is a complex made of rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and proteins that facilitates the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What are sister chromatids?

Back

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are connected at the centromere and are formed during DNA replication.

Front

What is the function of the promoter in gene expression?

Back

The promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase.