PBS Unit 2 Review

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to divide and replicate. It includes interphase and the mitotic phase.

Front

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

Back

The phases of the cell cycle are Interphase (G1, S, G2) and the Mitotic phase (M) which includes Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

Front

What occurs during Interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis. It consists of G1 (growth), S (DNA synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells. It consists of several stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

Front

What happens during Prophase?

Back

During Prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle apparatus begins to form.

Front

What is the significance of Metaphase?

Back

Metaphase is significant because chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.

Front

What occurs during Anaphase?

Back

During Anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each new cell will have the correct number of chromosomes.

Front

What happens in Telophase?

Back

In Telophase, the chromosomes reach the poles, decondense back into chromatin, and the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one base pair in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially altering the resulting protein.