AICE BIOLOGY MID TERM

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.

Front

What is transduction in cell signaling?

Back

The process of converting a signal into a form the cell can respond to.

Front

What is the induced-fit hypothesis?

Back

The enzyme changes shape slightly to fit the substrate perfectly.

Front

What is competitive inhibition?

Back

When a molecule binds to the enzyme’s active site and blocks the substrate.

Front

What role does cholesterol play in cell membranes?

Back

It helps reduce the fluidity of the membrane.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

The movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

What is a substrate in enzymatic reactions?

Back

The reactant molecule that an enzyme acts upon.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in cells.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur.