Atomic Structure Review

Front

What is the Balmer-Rydberg equation used for?

Back

The Balmer-Rydberg equation is used to calculate the wavelengths of spectral lines in hydrogen and other hydrogen-like atoms based on electron transitions between energy levels.

Front

What is the electron configuration of a neutral atom with atomic number 10?

Back

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ (This is the electron configuration for Neon, which has 10 electrons).

Front

What happens when an electron in a hydrogen atom moves from n = 3 to n = 6?

Back

Energy is absorbed in the form of infrared light.

Front

How does atomic radius change across a period in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

How does atomic radius change down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells, which outweighs the effect of increased nuclear charge.

Front

What is the significance of the principal quantum number (n)?

Back

The principal quantum number (n) indicates the energy level and size of an electron shell in an atom; higher n values correspond to higher energy levels.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a single orbital?

Back

A single orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, which must have opposite spins.

Front

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Back

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Front

What is the shape of the p orbital?

Back

The p orbital has a dumbbell shape and can exist in three orientations: px, py, and pz.

Front

What is the difference between an ion and a neutral atom?

Back

An ion is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge, while a neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.