Semester 1 Study Guide

Front

What are homologous structures?

Back

Structures in different species that are similar due to shared ancestry, such as the human arm and bird wing.

Front

What is speciation?

Back

The process by which new species are formed.

Front

What occurs during lithification?

Back

The process where loose sediments are compacted and cemented to form rock.

Front

What is artificial selection?

Back

The intentional breeding of organisms to produce specific traits, such as dog breeding for certain characteristics.

Front

What forms at a divergent boundary in the ocean?

Back

Mid-ocean ridges, where tectonic plates move apart.

Front

What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

Back

Homologous structures share a common ancestry, while analogous structures serve similar functions but do not share a common ancestry.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is a tectonic plate?

Back

A massive slab of solid rock that makes up the Earth's lithosphere and moves over the semi-fluid asthenosphere.

Front

What is the significance of mid-ocean ridges?

Back

They are underwater mountain ranges formed by plate tectonics and are sites of seafloor spreading.

Front

What is the role of fossils in understanding evolution?

Back

Fossils provide evidence of past life forms and help trace the evolutionary history of species.