History final flash cards

Front

1. After wars and plagues of the Middle Ages, what did the survivors set out to do?

Back

• Survivors aimed to rebuild and celebrate life. They focused on human potential, achievements, and the beauty of the world.

Front

1. What factors were reborn during the Renaissance?

Back

• There was renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman culture, literature, art, and philosophy. This led to a stronger focus on humanism, individualism, and secularism.

Front

1. Leonardo da Vinci represents the essence of a Renaissance Man. What did he do to earn this description?

Back

• Leonardo da Vinci was a skilled artist and thinker. He worked as a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, inventor, scientist, and philosopher.

Front

1. How is a "secular" outlook described?

Back

• A secular outlook looks at everyday life instead of focusing only on religious or spiritual issues. It values human reason, experiences, and the physical world.

Front

1. The Renaissance promoted the importance of the individual. What are some results of this idea?

Back

• This led to a focus on achieving personal goals, expressing oneself, and realizing individual potential. It helped develop new ideas in art, literature, science, and philosophy.

Front

1. What impact did Johann Gutenberg's printing the Bible in people's native languages have?

Back

• Gutenberg's printing press changed how knowledge and ideas spread. By printing the Bible in everyday languages, more people could access it. This led to higher literacy rates and sparked religious reforms.

Front

1. What does it mean when a writer created something "in the vernacular?"

Back

• They used the everyday language of the people instead of Latin, which was the language used by scholars and the church.

Front

1. What is the practice of selling indulgences?

Back

• Selling indulgences was a practice by the Catholic Church where people could pay for forgiveness of their sins or for the release of a soul from purgatory.

Front

1. The changes that led to the founding of new Christian churches is known as what?

Back

• The shifts that sparked the creation of new Christian churches are called the Protestant Reformation.

Front

1. What were Martin Luther's main beliefs?

Back

• Martin Luther thought that you could only be saved through faith, believed the Bible was the one true guide for religion, and emphasized that everyone could have direct access to God, not just priests.