Science Semester Exam

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What is an ecosystem?

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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microorganisms) interacting with their physical environment (soil, water, and climate).

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What is a producer in an ecosystem?

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A producer is an organism that can make its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, such as plants and algae.

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What is a consumer in an ecosystem?

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A consumer is an organism that cannot produce its own food and must eat other organisms for energy, such as animals.

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What is a food chain?

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A food chain is a linear sequence that shows how energy and nutrients flow from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

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What is a food web?

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A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem, showing how different organisms are related through feeding relationships.

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What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

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Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil and making them available for producers.

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What is the significance of energy flow in an ecosystem?

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Energy flow is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecosystems, as it supports the growth and survival of organisms.

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What is the difference between a herbivore and a carnivore?

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A herbivore is an animal that primarily eats plants, while a carnivore is an animal that primarily eats other animals.

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What is the role of a top predator in an ecosystem?

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A top predator helps control the population of other species, maintaining balance within the ecosystem.

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What is the impact of removing a species from an ecosystem?

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Removing a species can disrupt the food chain and lead to overpopulation or extinction of other species.