ESS2.2 TEST (Seismic Waves & Earth's Interior)

Front

What is the focus of an earthquake?

Back

The exact point under the surface of the earth where the stressed rock breaks.

Front

What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

Back

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.

Front

What are S-waves?

Back

Secondary waves that can only travel through solids and are slower than P-waves.

Front

What are P-waves?

Back

Primary waves that can travel through solids, liquids, and gases and are faster than S-waves.

Front

What happens to S-waves at about 2900 km depth?

Back

They go to 0 km/s because they encounter the outer core, which is liquid.

Front

How do the speeds of P-waves and S-waves change from the upper mantle to the lower mantle?

Back

Both P and S waves' speeds increase.

Front

What is the asthenosphere?

Back

A semi-fluid layer of the mantle located below the lithosphere, allowing for tectonic plate movement.

Front

What is the lithosphere?

Back

The rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Front

What is the outer core?

Back

A liquid layer of the Earth's core located beneath the mantle and above the inner core.

Front

What is the inner core?

Back

The solid, innermost layer of the Earth, composed mainly of iron and nickel.