Correlation & Causation

Front

What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other also tends to increase.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of 0.92 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of 0.92 indicates a strong positive correlation between the two variables being analyzed.

Front

What is causation?

Back

Causation refers to a relationship where one event (the cause) directly affects another event (the effect).

Front

How can you differentiate between correlation and causation?

Back

Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while causation indicates that one variable directly influences the other.

Front

Give an example of causation.

Back

If it starts raining, the baseball game is delayed. The rain directly causes the delay.

Front

What is an example of correlation without causation?

Back

Eating more butter and increased divorce rates show correlation, but one does not cause the other.

Front

What does it mean if two variables have a weak correlation?

Back

A weak correlation means that there is little to no relationship between the two variables, and changes in one do not predict changes in the other.

Front

What is the relationship between time spent exercising and calories burned?

Back

There is a causation relationship; more time spent exercising generally leads to more calories burned.

Front

What is the relationship between the amount of gasoline left in a car's tank and the miles driven?

Back

This is a causation relationship; as miles driven increases, the amount of gasoline decreases.

Front

What does it mean if two variables are associated?

Back

Association means that there is a relationship between two variables, but it does not imply that one causes the other.