Final EXAM REVIEW

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by the insertion or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence, which alters the reading frame of the gene.

Front

What causes a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is caused by an insertion or deletion of nucleotides.

Front

Is the trait represented by shaded individuals dominant or recessive?

Back

The trait represented by shaded individuals is recessive.

Front

What does a filled square represent in a pedigree chart?

Back

A filled square represents an affected male.

Front

If one strand of DNA has the sequence TTACCG, what is the sequence of the complementary strand?

Back

The sequence of the complementary strand will be AATGGC.

Front

What types of molecules are involved in translation?

Back

Translation involves mRNA, tRNA, and amino acids, but not DNA.

Front

Define dominant trait.

Back

A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

Define recessive trait.

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.