Unit 6 AP Biology Part 1

Front

What is the process of translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins by decoding mRNA sequences into polypeptide chains through codon recognition, peptide bond formation, and translocation.

Front

Where is eukaryotic DNA located?

Back

Eukaryotic DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.

Front

What is produced during translation?

Back

A polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of mRNA codons.

Front

In which direction does RNA polymerase move along the DNA during transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase moves in the 3' to 5' direction along the template strand.

Front

Which molecule binds to the promoter region to initiate transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region.

Front

What is the role of codons in translation?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons in the mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the promoter region in gene expression?

Back

The promoter region is a specific DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of a gene.

Front

What are the three main stages of translation?

Back

The three main stages of translation are initiation, elongation, and termination.

Front

What is the difference between the coding strand and the template strand of DNA?

Back

The coding strand has the same sequence as the mRNA (except for thymine being replaced by uracil), while the template strand is complementary to the coding strand and is used by RNA polymerase during transcription.