Cell Membrane Review

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What is the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol.

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What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy. It relies on the concentration gradient, moving substances from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

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Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses specific proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane. It is used for larger or polar molecules that cannot easily pass through the lipid bilayer.

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What is the fluid mosaic model?

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The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic of various components (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates) that move freely within the layer, allowing for flexibility and functionality.

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What is exocytosis?

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Exocytosis is the process by which large molecules are transported out of a cell. During this process, vesicles containing the molecules fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

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What is phagocytosis?

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Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where a cell engulfs large particles or even other cells. It is often referred to as 'cell eating' and is a key mechanism in the immune response.

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What are lipids?

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Lipids are a group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water. They include fats, oils, and phospholipids, and are essential for forming cell membranes and storing energy.

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What role do proteins play in the cell membrane?

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Proteins in the cell membrane serve various functions, including acting as channels for transport, receptors for signaling, and enzymes for biochemical reactions.

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What is the difference between active and passive transport?

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Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

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What is pinocytosis?

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Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs small particles and liquids. It is often referred to as 'cell drinking'.