Chapter 8: Mass Movements, Wind, and Glaciers

Front

What is deflation in the context of wind erosion?

Back

Deflation is the process by which wind removes loose, fine-grained particles from the surface, leading to a lowering of the land surface.

Front

What factors influence mass movements?

Back

Factors influencing mass movements include water, weight, soil type, and time.

Front

What is a valley glacier?

Back

A valley glacier is a type of glacier that flows down a valley, typically formed in mountainous regions, and can widen V-shaped valleys into U-shaped glacial valleys.

Front

What is creep in terms of mass movement?

Back

Creep is a slow, gradual movement of soil and rock down a slope, often causing structures like fence posts to tilt.

Front

How does wind transport materials?

Back

Wind transports materials primarily in areas with little vegetative cover, moving particles through processes like suspension, saltation, and surface creep.

Front

What is the difference between wind erosion and water erosion?

Back

Wind erosion primarily occurs in dry areas with loose particles, while water erosion occurs in wet environments and can move larger materials.

Front

What is the role of water in mass movements?

Back

Water adds weight to soil and can reduce friction, making it easier for materials to move downhill.

Front

What is the significance of slope in glacier movement?

Back

The slope of the valley floor affects the speed of glacier movement; steeper slopes generally lead to faster flow rates.

Front

What is the difference between a slide and a flow in mass movements?

Back

A slide involves a sudden movement of rock or soil down a slope, while a flow is a more fluid movement of materials, often mixed with water.

Front

What are the characteristics of a U-shaped valley?

Back

A U-shaped valley is formed by glacial erosion, characterized by steep sides and a flat bottom, contrasting with V-shaped valleys formed by river erosion.