BIOLOGY Midterm Review Part 2

Front

What is the principle of conservation of mass and energy?

Back

Matter and energy are neither created nor destroyed; they can only change forms.

Front

What type of feedback mechanism enhances a process or increases its output?

Back

Positive feedback mechanism.

Front

What is the term for the complete set of genetic information in an organism?

Back

Genotype.

Front

What is the structural configuration of DNA?

Back

Double helix.

Front

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans typically have?

Back

23 pairs.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

The process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, to facilitate photosynthesis.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

An allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

An allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present.